“Big Data” means amounts of data (image or alphanumerical data), which are too huge or complex or which may quickly change, so that they cannot be analyzed with classic data processing methods. Classic visual image processing software, relational databases as well as statistics and visualization software are often incapable to process such large amounts of data. Thus Big Data handling requires new platforms, data storage and machine learning methods which can run in parallel on up to hundreds or thousands of processors or servers. Companies hope that the analysis of Big Data will open possibilities to obtain competitive advantages, to find cost savings and to create new business fields.